Associate Professor Shane Thomas

Fields of research: Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Cardiology (incl. Cardiovascular Diseases)

Contact Details

Phone: +61 2 9385 2582
Fax: 51389
Email: shane.thomas@unsw.edu.au

Supervision

PHD
Masters
Honours

Tabs

Main

Research Interests:
The Redox Cell Signalling Laboratory focuses on two major research areas:

1. Identification of the redox reactions and cell signaling pathways important for endothelial dysfunction during vascular disease

The endothelium is critical for the maintenance of vascular homeostasis. Central to this is endothelium-derived nitric oxide (EDNO), synthesized by the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Vascular diseases including diabetes, atherosclerosis and hypertension are characterized by endothelial dysfunction that is manifested as impaired EDNO bioactivity that contributes to clinical cardiovascular events. Considerable evidence shows that endothelial dysfunction is due to oxidative stress in the blood vessel wall and there is great interest in defining the oxidative processes and cell signalling events involved.

Oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction
This project aims to define the oxidative reactions promoting endothelial dysfunction during vascular disease. At present we focus on the oxidative enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) that during vascular disease accumulates in the sub-endothelium of diseased blood vessels where it is ideally placed to impact on endothelial function. We are currently investigating the oxidative and cell signalling mechanisms by which MPO impacts on EDNO bioactivity and endothelial function in vascular disease and testing novel agents for their ability to selectively remove MPO from the endothelium. These agents may represent potential therapeutics to combat endothelial dysfunction.

Redox control of endothelial cell signalling
Reduction and oxidation (redox) reactions represent important transducers of vascular cell signalling pathways. This project aims to identify the redox responsive cell signalling pathways in endothelial cells stimulated with agonists (e.g., vascular endothelial growth factor, angiotensin II) and to define the nature and intracellular source of the redox-active signalling species.

2. Roles and Regulation of Indoleamine 2, 3-Dioxygenase

Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) is an intracellular heme enzyme that catalyses the catabolism of L-tryptophan (L-Trp). IDO represents a central immune regulatory enzyme. Thus, expression of IDO in professional antigen presenting cells or tumor cells and resultant depletion of L-Trp, the least abundant essential amino acid, inhibits T lymphocyte activation to promote immune suppression and tolerance during inflammation, transplantation, auto-immunity and cancer.

IDO and Vascular Disease
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the artery in which T lymphocyte-mediated immune reactions play an important role. We have detected increased IDO expression in atherosclerotic lesions and currently testing if IDO activity expressed in immune cells inhibits atherosclerosis by limiting T cell activation and vascular inflammation.

Regulation of IDO activity
In light of the important immune regulatory roles of IDO it is important to understand how the enzyme is controlled. Our previous studies were the first to describe post-translational regulation of IDO and this project aims to characterize the post-translational modifications involved and the extent to which they govern the immune regulatory actions of antigen presenting cells and tumour cells. Identification of how IDO is regulated may facilitate the development of novel drug strategies to modulate IDO activity in vivo.

Broad Research Areas:

Cardiology and Vascular Disease, Immunology, Cell Biology and Gene Regulation, Biochemistry, Cancer

Society Memberships & Professional Activities:
Australasian Society for Free Radical Research, Australian Vascular Biology Society, Australian Society for Medical Research

Specific Research Keywords:
Vascular Biology, Cell Biology and Immunology, Cancer, Inflammation, Nitric oxide

University role:

Associate Professor

Groups:

Redox Cell Signalling Lab

Research

Socio-economic Objective (SEO) tags:

Cardiovascular System and Diseases

Immune System and Allergy

Cancer and Related Disorders

Teaching & Supervision

Supervision keywords:

cardiovascular diseases

cancer

immunologic diseases

virus diseases

Publications related to this Person

Book Chapters

Thomas SR; Stocker R, 2000, 'Mechanisms of antioxidant action of ubiquinol-10 for low-density lipoprotein', in Coenzyme Q: Molecular Mechanisms in Health and Disease, pp. 131 - 150

Journal articles

Capraro A; Whan R; Thomas S; Jaffe A; Bridge W; Waters S, 2020, 'Novel Antioxidant Therapy with the Immediate Precursor to Glutathione, -Glutamylcysteine (GGC), Ameliorates LPS-Induced Cellular Stress in In Vitro 3D-Differentiated Airway Model from Primary Cystic Fibrosis Human Bronchial Cells', Antioxidants, http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox9121204

El Kazzi M; Rayner BS; Chami B; Dennis JM; Thomas SR; Witting PK, 2020, 'Neutrophil-mediated cardiac damage after acute myocardial infarction: Significance of defining a new target cell type for developing cardioprotective drugs', Antioxidants and Redox Signaling, vol. 33, pp. 689 - 712, http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ars.2019.7928

Hewson C; Capraro A; Wong S; Pandzic E; Fernando BSM; Awatade N; Zhong L; Hart-Smith G; Whan R; Thomas S; Jaffe A; Bridge W; Waters S, 2020, 'Novel antioxidant therapy with the immediate precursor to glutathione, γ-glutamylcysteine (GGC), ameliorates LPS-induced cellular stress in an in vitro cystic fibrosis model', , http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/2020.05.27.119990

Rodrigo C; Tedla N; Thomas S; Polly P; Herbert C; Velan G; Saunders DN, 2019, 'Using Narratives to Teach Students Enrolled in Science and Medical Science Bachelor’s Degree Programs', Medical Science Educator, vol. 29, pp. 357 - 361, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40670-019-00698-1

Lim YJ; Foo TC; Yeung AWS; Tu X; Ma Y; Hawkins CL; Witting PK; Jameson GNL; Terentis AC; Thomas SR, 2019, 'Human Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 Is an Efficient Mammalian Nitrite Reductase', Biochemistry, vol. 58, pp. 974 - 986, http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.8b01231

Manuneedhi Cholan P; Cartland SP; Dang L; Rayner BS; Patel S; Thomas SR; Kavurma MM, 2018, 'TRAIL protects against endothelial dysfunction in vivo and inhibits angiotensin-II-induced oxidative stress in vascular endothelial cells in vitro', Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol. 126, pp. 341 - 349, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.08.031

Ramarathinam SH; Gras S; Alcantara S; Yeung AWS; Mifsud NA; Sonza S; Illing PT; Glaros EN; Center RJ; Thomas SR; Kent SJ; Ternette N; Purcell DFJ; Rossjohn J; Purcell AW, 2018, 'Identification of Native and Posttranslationally Modified HLA-B*57:01-Restricted HIV Envelope Derived Epitopes Using Immunoproteomics', Proteomics, vol. 18, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pmic.201700253

Manuneedhi Cholan P; Cartland S; Rayner B; Genner S; Dang L; Thomas S; Kavurma M, 2018, 'Abstract 302: TRAIL Protects Against Endothelial Dysfunction in vivo and Inhibits Angiotensin-II Induced Oxidative Stress in Vascular Endothelial Cells in vitro', Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, vol. 38, http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/atvb.38.suppl_1.302

Manuneedhi Cholan P; Cartland S; Rayner B; Genner S; Dang L; Thomas S; Kavurma M, 2018, 'Abstract 055: TRAIL Protects Against Endothelial Dysfunction in vivo and Inhibits Angiotensin-II Induced Oxidative Stress in Vascular Endothelial Cells in vitro', Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, vol. 38, http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/atvb.38.suppl_1.055

Liou K; Li J; Guiney L; Thomas S; Glaros E; Ooi S, 2018, 'Coronary Myeloperoxidase Provides Superior Characterisation of Coronary Inflammation in Patients Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Interventions in the Setting of Non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome', Heart, Lung and Circulation, vol. 27, pp. S311 - S311, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.598

Guiney L; Liou K; Li J; Thomas S; Glaros E; Ooi S, 2018, 'Acute Activation of Polymorphonuclear Granulocyte During Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: Comparison of Myeloperoxidase and Elastase Release and Elimination Kinetics', Heart, Lung and Circulation, vol. 27, pp. S434 - S434, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2018.06.882

Cartland SP; Harith HH; Genner SW; Dang L; Cogger VC; Vellozzi M; Di Bartolo BA; Thomas SR; Adams LA; Kavurma MM, 2017, 'Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, vascular inflammation and insulin resistance are exacerbated by TRAIL deletion in mice', Scientific Reports, vol. 7, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-01721-4

Maiocchi SL; Morris JC; Rees MD; Thomas SR, 2017, 'Regulation of the nitric oxide oxidase activity of myeloperoxidase by pharmacological agents', Biochemical Pharmacology, vol. 135, pp. 90 - 115, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bcp.2017.03.016

Huang Y; Thoms JAI; Tursky ML; Knezevic K; Beck D; Chandrakanthan V; Suryani S; Olivier J; Boulton A; Glaros EN; Thomas SR; Lock RB; MacKenzie KL; Bushweller JH; Wong JWH; Pimanda JE, 2016, 'MAPK/ERK2 phosphorylates ERG at serine 283 in leukemic cells and promotes stem cell signatures and cell proliferation', Leukemia, vol. 30, pp. 1552 - 1561, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/leu.2016.55

Thomas SR, 2016, 'Haematopoietic-expressed C/EBPβ: A novel transcriptional regulator of hepatic liver metabolism and macrophage foam cells during atherosclerosis?', Atherosclerosis, vol. 250, pp. 183 - 185, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.05.015

Liou K; Jepson N; Buckley N; Chen V; Thomas S; Russell EA; Ooi SY, 2016, 'Design and Rationale for the Endothelin-1 Receptor Antagonism in the Prevention of Microvascular Injury in Patients with non-ST Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome Undergoing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (ENDORA-PCI) Trial', Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy, vol. 30, pp. 169 - 175, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10557-016-6641-x

Tran J; Magenau A; Rodriguez M; Rentero C; Royo T; Enrich C; Thomas SR; Grewal T; Gaus K, 2016, 'Activation of endothelial nitric oxide (eNOS) occurs through different membrane domains in endothelial cells', PLoS ONE, vol. 11, http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0151556

Thoms JAI; Knezevic K; Liu JJ; Glaros EN; Thai T; Qiao Q; Campbell H; Packham D; Huang Y; Papathanasiou P; Tunningley R; Whittle B; Yeung AWS; Chandrakanthan V; Hesson L; Chen V; Wong JWH; Purton LE; Ward RL; Thomas SR; Pimanda JE, 2016, 'Arrested hematopoiesis and vascular relaxation defects in mice with a mutation in Dhfr', Molecular and Cellular Biology, vol. 36, pp. 1222 - 1236, http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/MCB.01035-15

Yeung AWS; Lim YJ; Hastad M; Dang L; Örfi L; Szabadkai I; Kéri G; Terentis AC; King NJC; Witting PK; Thomas SR, 2016, 'Redox Control of the Critical Immune Regulatory Enzyme Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase by NADPH Oxidase 2-Derived Reactive Oxygen Species in Human Monocytes', Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol. 100, pp. S62 - S62, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.10.162

Harith H; Cartland S; Di Bartolo B; Dang L; Thomas S; Kavurma M, 2016, 'Abstract 614: TRAIL Deletion in Mice Promotes Vascular Insulin Resistance', Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, vol. 36, http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/atvb.36.suppl_1.614

Di Bartolo BA; Cartland SP; Prado-Lourenco L; Griffith TS; Gentile C; Ravindran J; Azahri NSM; Thai T; Yeung AWS; Thomas SR; Kavurma MM, 2015, 'Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) promotes angiogenesis and ischemia-induced neovascularization via NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4) and nitric oxide-dependent mechanisms', Journal of the American Heart Association, vol. 4, http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/JAHA.115.002527

Nasrallah R; Knezevic K; Thai T; Thomas SR; Göttgens B; Lacaud G; Kouskoff V; Pimanda JE, 2015, 'Endoglin potentiates nitric oxide synthesis to enhance definitive hematopoiesis', Biology Open, vol. 4, pp. 819 - 829, http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/bio.011494

Rees MD; Thomas SR, 2015, 'Using cell-substrate impedance and live cell imaging to measure real-time changes in cellular adhesion and de-adhesion induced by matrix modification', Journal of Visualized Experiments, http://dx.doi.org/10.3791/52423

Das T; Kutty SK; Tavallaie R; Ibugo AI; Panchompoo J; Sehar S; Aldous L; Yeung AWS; Thomas SR; Kumar N; Gooding JJ; Manefield M, 2015, 'Phenazine virulence factor binding to extracellular DNA is important for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm formation', Scientific Reports, vol. 5, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/srep08398

Yeung AWS; Terentis AC; King NJC; Thomas SR, 2015, 'Role of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in health and disease', Clinical Science, vol. 129, pp. 601 - 672, http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/CS20140392

Rees MD; Thomas SR, 2015, 'Using cell-substrate impedance and live cell imaging to measure real-time changes in cellular adhesion and de-adhesion induced by matrix modification', Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE, http://dx.doi.org/10.3791/52423

Sherrah AG; Edelman JJB; Thomas SR; Brady PW; Wilson MK; Jeremy RW; Bannon PG; Vallely MP, 2014, 'The freestyle aortic bioprosthesis: A systematic review', Heart Lung and Circulation, vol. 23, pp. 1110 - 1117, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2014.04.262

Di Bartolo BA; Cartland SP; Prado-Lourenco L; Azahri NSM; Thai T; Yeung A; Thomas SR; Kavurma MM, 2014, 'Abstract 18060: TRAIL Promotes Angiogenesis and Ischemia-Induced Neovascularisation via NOX4, H2O2 and Nitric Oxide-Dependent Mechanisms', Circulation, vol. 130, http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circ.130.suppl_2.18060

Maiocchi SL; Thomas SR; Rees MD, 2014, 'Regulation of the NO Oxidase Activity of Myeloperoxidase by Pharmacological Agents', FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, vol. 76, pp. S17 - S17, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.10.497

Cochran BJ; Bisoendial RJ; Hou L; Glaros E; Rossy J; Thomas SR; Barter PJ; Rye KA, 2014, 'Apolipoprotein a-I increases insulin secretion and production from pancreatic β-cells via a g-protein-camp-PKA-FOXO1-dependent mechanism', Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, vol. 34, pp. 2261 - 2267, http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/ATVBAHA.114.304131

Stapelberg M; Zobalova R; Nguyen MN; Walker T; Stantic M; Goodwin J; Pasdar EA; Thai T; Prokopova K; Yan B; Hall S; De Pennington N; Thomas SR; Grant G; Stursa J; Bajzikova M; Meedeniya ACB; Truksa J; Ralph SJ; Ansorge O; Dong LF; Neuzil J, 2014, 'Indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase elevated in tumor-initiating cells is suppressed by mitocans', Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol. 67, pp. 41 - 50, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.10.003

Rees MD; Maiocchi SL; Kettle AJ; Thomas SR, 2014, 'Mechanism and regulation of peroxidase-catalyzed nitric oxide consumption in physiological fluids: Critical protective actions of ascorbate and thiocyanate', Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol. 72, pp. 91 - 103, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.03.037

Rivera J; Walduck AK; Thomas SR; Glaros EN; Hooker EU; Guida E; Sobey CG; Drummond GR, 2013, 'Accumulation of serum lipids by vascular smooth muscle cells involves a macropinocytosis-like uptake pathway and is associated with the downregulation of the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1', Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Archives of Pharmacology, vol. 386, pp. 1081 - 1093, http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00210-013-0909-5

Sherrah AG; Edelman JJB; Thomas SR; Brady PW; Wilson MK; Jeremy RW; Bannon PG; Vallely MP, 2013, 'The Freestyle Aortic Bioprosthesis: A Systematic Review', Heart Lung and Circulation, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2014.04.262

Freewan M; Rees MD; Sempertegui plaza T; Glaros EN; Lim YJ; Wang X; Yeung AWS; Witting PK; Terentis AC; Thomas SR, 2013, 'Human Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase is a catalyst of physiological heme peroxidase reactions: implications for the inhibition of dioxygenase activity by hydrogen peroxide', The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 288, pp. 1548 - 1567, http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.410993

Li C; Lonn ME; Xu X; Magzhal G; Frazer D; Thomas SR; Halliwell B; Richardson DR; Anderson GJ; Stocker R, 2012, 'Sustained expression of heme oxygenase-1 alters iron homeostasis in nonerythroid cells', Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol. 53, pp. 366 - 374, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2012.03.007

Getts DR; Terry RL; Teague Getts M; Muller M; Rana S; Deffrasnes C; Ashhurst TM; Radford J; Hofer M; Thomas SR; Campbell IL; King NJC, 2012, 'Targeted blockade in lethal West Nile virus encephalitis indicates a crucial role for very late antigen (VLA)-4-dependent recruitment of nitric oxide-producing macrophages', Journal of Neuroinflammation, vol. 9, http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1742-2094-9-246

Yeung AWC; Wu W; Freewan M; Stocker R; King NJC; Thomas SR, 2012, 'Flavivirus infection induces indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in human monocyte-derived macrophages via tumor necrosis factor and NF-êB', Journal of Leukocyte Biology, vol. 91, pp. 657 - 666, http://dx.doi.org/10.1189/jlb.1011532

Munoz-Erazo L; Yeung A; Madigan M; Thomas S; King N, 2011, 'BALANCE OF INDOLEAMINE 2,3 DIOXYGENASE AND INDUCIBLE NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE RESPONSES IN WEST NILE VIRUS-INFECTED HUMAN RETINAL PIGMENT EPITHELIUM', CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY, vol. 39, pp. 87 - 87, http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000296914400169&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=891bb5ab6ba270e68a29b250adbe88d1

Meotti FC; Jameson GNL; Turner R; Harwood D; Stockwell S; Rees MD; Thomas SR; Kettle AJ, 2011, 'Urate as a physiological substrate for myeloperoxidase: Implications for hyperuricemia and inflammation', The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 286, pp. 12901 - 12911, http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M110.172460

Herbert AD; Ng H; Jessup W; Kockx M; Cartland SP; Thomas SR; Hogg PJ; Wargon O, 2011, 'Hypoxia regulates the production and activity of glucose transporter-1 and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in monocyte-derived endothelial-like cells: possible relevance to infantile haemangioma pathogenesis', British Journal of Dermatology, vol. 164, pp. 308 - 315, http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2010.10086.x/abstract

Wang Y; Liu H; McKenzie G; Witting PK; Stasch JP; Hahn M; Changsirivathanathamrong D; Wu BJ; Ball HJ; Thomas SR; Kapoor V; Celermajer DS; Mellor AL; Keaney JF; Hunt NH; Stocker R, 2010, 'Erratum: Kynurenine is an endothelium-derived relaxing factor produced during inflammation (Nature Medicine (2010) 16 (279-285))', Nature Medicine, vol. 16, pp. 607, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm0510-607a

Wang Y; Liu H; McKenzie GL; Witting PK; Stasch J; Hahn M; Changsirivathanathamrong D; Wu BJ; Ball HJ; Thomas SR; Kapoor V; Celermajer DS; Mellor AL; Keaney Jr JF; Hunt NH; Stocker R, 2010, 'Kynurenine is an endothelium-derived relaxing factor produced during inflammation', Nature Medicine, vol. 16, pp. 279 - 285, http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nm.2092

Terentis AC; Freewan M; Sempertegui Plaza T; Raftery MJ; Stocker R; Thomas SR, 2010, 'The selenazal drug ebselen potently inhibits indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase by targeting enzyme cysteine residues', Biochemistry, vol. 49, pp. 591 - 600, http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi901546e

Wang Y; Liu H; McKenzie G; Witting PK; Stasch J-P; Hahn M; Jackman KA; Changsirivathanathamrong D; Wu BJ; Ball HJ; Thomas SR; Celermajer DS; Mellor AL; Sobey CG; Keaney JF; Hunt NH; Stocker R, 2009, 'Kynurenine is a novel endothelium-derived vascular relaxing factor produced during inflammation', BMC Pharmacology, vol. 9, http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2210-9-s1-s39

Schulz E; Dopheide J; Schuhmacher S; Thomas SR; Chen K; Daiber A; Wenzel P; Münzel T; Keaney JF, 2008, 'Suppression of the JNK pathway by induction of a metabolic stress response prevents vascular injury and dysfunction', Circulation, vol. 118, pp. 1347 - 1357, http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.784298

Maghzal GJ; Thomas SR; Hunt NH; Stocker R, 2008, 'Cytochrome b5, Not Superoxide Anion Radical, Is a Major Reductant of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase in Human Cells', The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 285, pp. 12014 - 12025, http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M710266200

Lim SY; Raftery MJ; Cai H; Hsu KK; Yan WX; Hseih H; Watts RN; Richardson D; Thomas SR; Perry MA; Geczy C, 2008, 'S-nitrosylated S100A8: Novel anti-inflammatory properties', Journal of Immunology, vol. 181, pp. 5627 - 5636, http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.181.8.5627

Maghzal G; Thomas SB; Hunt N; Stocker R, 2008, 'Cytochrome b(5), not superoxide anion radical, is a major reductant of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in human cells', The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 283, pp. 12014 - 12025, http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M710266200

Thomas SR; Witting P; Drummond G, 2008, 'Redox control of endothelial function and dysfunction: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities', Antioxidants and Redox Signaling, vol. 10, pp. 1713 - 1765, http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ars.2008.2027

King NJ; Thomas SR, 2007, 'Molecules in focus: Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase', International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, vol. 39, pp. 2167 - 2172, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biocel.2007.01.004

Thomas SR; Terentis AC; Cai H; Takikawa O; Lay PA; Freewan M; Stocker R, 2007, 'Post-translational regulation of human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity by nitric oxide', The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 282, pp. 23778 - 23787, http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M700669200

Thomas SR; Schulz E; Keaney JF, 2006, 'Hydrogen peroxide restrains endothelium-derived nitric oxide bioactivity - Role for iron-dependent oxidative stress', Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol. 41, pp. 681 - 688, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2006.05.012

Choy K; Beck K; Png F; Wu BJ; Leichtweis S; Thomas SR; Hou JY; Croft KD; Mori T; Stocker R, 2005, 'Processes involved in the site-specific effect of probucol on atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E gene knockout mice', Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, vol. 25, pp. 1684 - 1690, http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.0000174125.89058.b6

Stocker R; Huang A; Jeranian E; Hou JY; Wu T; Thomas SR; Keaney JF, 2004, 'Hypochlorous acid impairs EDNO bioactivity through a superoxide-dependent mechanism.', Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, vol. 24, pp. 2028 - 2033, http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.0000143388.20994.fa

Aitken JB; Thomas SE; Stocker R; Thomas SR; Takikawa O; Armstrong RS; Lay P, 2004, 'Determination of the nature of the heme environment in nitrosyl indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase using multiple-scattering analyses of XAFS.', Biochemistry, vol. 43, pp. 4892 - 4898, http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi049645s

Thomas SR; Keaney JF; Stocker R, 2004, 'Redox regulation of vascular cell function', Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology, vol. 37, pp. 322 - 323, http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000222965000529&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=891bb5ab6ba270e68a

Anter E; Thomas SR; Schulz E; Shapira OM; Vita JA; Keaney Jr JF, 2004, 'Activation of Endothelial Nitric-oxide Synthase by the p38 MAPK in Response to Black Tea Polyphenols', The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 279, pp. 46637 - 46643, http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M405547200

Chen K; Thomas SR; Albano A; Murphy MP; Keaney Jr JF, 2004, 'Mitochondrial function is required for hydrogen peroxide-induced growth factor receptor transactivation and downstream signaling', The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 279, pp. 35079 - 35086, http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M404859200

Heydrick SJ; Weiss N; Thomas SR; Cap AP; Pimentel DR; Loscalzo J; Keaney Jr JF, 2004, 'L-Homocysteine and L-homocystine stereospecifically induce endothelial nitric oxide synthase-dependent lipid peroxidation in endothelial cells', Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol. 36, pp. 632 - 640, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2003.12.001

Vita JA; Gocke N; Duffy SJ; Kahn D; Tomasian D; Palmisano J; Thomas SR; Holbrook M; Keaney Jr JF, 2003, 'Effect of atorvastatin on endothelium-dependent vasodilation in patients with coronary artery disease', American Journal of Cardiology, vol. 91, pp. 857 - 860, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0002-9149(03)00019-5

Thomas SR; Chen K; Keaney Jr JF, 2003, 'Oxidative stress and endothelial nitric oxide bioactivity', Antioxidants and Redox Signaling, vol. 5, pp. 181 - 194, http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/152308603764816541

Chen K; Thomas SR; Keaney Jr JF, 2003, 'Beyond LDL oxidation: ROS in vascular signal transduction', Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol. 35, pp. 117 - 132, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(03)00239-9

Terentis AC; Thomas SR; Takikawa O; Littlejohn TK; Truscott RJW; Armstrong RS; Stocker SRYR, 2002, 'The heme environment of recombinant human indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase. Structural properties and substrate-ligand interactions', Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 277, pp. 15788 - 15794, http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M200457200

Terentis AC; Thomas SR; Burr JA; Liebler DC; Stocker R, 2002, 'Vitamin E oxidation in human atherosclerotic lesions', Circulation Research, vol. 90, pp. 333 - 339, http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/hh0302.104454

Thomas SR; Chen K; Keaney JF, 2002, 'Hydrogen peroxide activates endothelial nitric-oxide synthase through coordinated phosphorylation and dephosphorylation via a phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent signaling pathway', Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 277, pp. 6017 - 6024, http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M109107200

Huang A; Thomas SR; Keaney JF, 2002, 'Measurements of redox control of nitric oxide bioavailability', Methods in Enzymology, vol. 359, pp. 209 - 216, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0076-6879(02)59185-0

Kim H-S; Skurk C; Thomas SR; Bialik A; Suhara T; Kureishi Y; Birnbaum M; Keaney Jr JF; Walsh K, 2002, 'Regulation of angiogenesis by glycogen synthase kinase-3beta', The Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 277, pp. 41888 - 41896, http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M206657200

Thomas SR; Salahifar H; Mashima R; Hunt NH; Richardson DR; Stocker R, 2001, 'Antioxidants inhibit indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase in IFN-γ-activated human macrophages: Posttranslational regulation by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate', Journal of Immunology, vol. 166, pp. 6332 - 6340, http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.166.10.6332

Carr AC; Hawkins CL; Thomas SR; Stocker R; Frei B, 2001, 'Relative reactivities of N-chloramines and hypochlorous acid with human plasma constituents', Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol. 30, pp. 526 - 536, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(00)00495-0

Thomas SR; Leichtweis SB; Pettersson K; Croft KD; Mori TA; Brown AJ; Stocker R, 2001, 'Dietary cosupplementation with vitamin E and coenzyme Q10 inhibits atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E gene knockout mice', Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, vol. 21, pp. 585 - 593, http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.21.4.585

Thomas SR; Stocker R, 2000, 'Molecular action of vitamin E in lipoprotein oxidation: Implications for atherosclerosis', Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol. 28, pp. 1795 - 1805, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(00)00236-7

Stocker R; Witting P; Upston J; Thomas S; Terentis A; Lau A; Leichtweis S; Chafour X; Burr J; Liebler D; Pettersson K, 2000, 'Evidence for dissociation of lipoprotein lipid oxidation and atherosclerosis in different animals', Atherosclerosis, vol. 151, pp. 234 - 234, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9150(00)81061-8

Thomas SR; Terentis AC; Takikawa O; Hunt NH; Stocker R, 1999, 'Antioxidant activity and redox control of oxidative tryptophan metabolism in IFNG-primed macrophages', FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, vol. 27, pp. S56 - S56, http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000083598900174&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=891bb5ab6ba270e68a29b250adbe88d1

Terentis AC; Thomas SR; Burr JA; Liebler DC; Stocker R, 1999, 'Alpha-tocopherol oxidation products in atherosclerotic lesions', FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, vol. 27, pp. S99 - S99, http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000083598900331&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=891bb5ab6ba270e68a29b250adbe88d1

Thomas SR; Witting PK; Stocker R, 1999, 'A role for reduced coenzyme Q in atherosclerosis?', BioFactors, vol. 9, pp. 207 - 224, http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biof.5520090216

Thomas SR; Stocker R, 1999, 'Redox reactions related to indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and tryptophan metabolism along the kynurenine pathway', Redox Report, vol. 4, pp. 199 - 220, http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/135100099101534927

Thomas SR; Davies MJ; Stocker R, 1998, 'Oxidation and antioxidation of human low-density lipoprotein and plasma exposed to 3-morpholinosydnonimine and reagent peroxynitrite', Chemical Research in Toxicology, vol. 11, pp. 484 - 494, http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/tx970173a

Sanni LA; Thomas SR; Tattam BN; Moore DE; Chaudhri G; Stocker R; Hunt NH, 1998, 'Dramatic changes in oxidative tryptophan metabolism along the kynurenine pathway in experimental cerebral and noncerebral malaria', American Journal of Pathology, vol. 152, pp. 611 - 619

Thomas SR; Witting PK; Stocker R, 1997, 'Macrophage-derived 3-hydroxyanthranilate synergises with vitamin E in inhibiting LDL lipid peroxidation', ATHEROSCLEROSIS, vol. 134, pp. 236 - 236, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9150(97)89256-8

Thomas SR; Davies MJ; Stocker R, 1997, 'Peroxynitrite oxidises LDL lipids via tocopherol-mediated peroxidation', ATHEROSCLEROSIS, vol. 134, pp. 218 - 218, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0021-9150(97)89169-1

Neužil J; Thomas SR; Stocker R, 1997, 'Requirement for, promotion, or inhibition by α-tocopherol of radical- induced initiation of plasma lipoprotein lipid peroxidation', Free Radical Biology and Medicine, vol. 22, pp. 57 - 71, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(96)00224-9

Thomas SR; Witting PK; Stocker R, 1996, '3-Hydroxyanthranilic acid is an efficient, cell-derived co-antioxidant for α-tocopherol, inhibiting human low density lipoprotein and plasma lipid peroxidation', Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 271, pp. 32714 - 32721, http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.271.51.32714

Thomas SR; Neužil J; Stocker R, 1996, 'Cosupplementation with Coenzyme Q Prevents the Prpoxidant Effect of α-Tocopherol and Increases the Resistance of LDL to Transition Metal-Dependent Oxidation Initiation', Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, vol. 16, pp. 687 - 696, http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/01.ATV.16.5.687

Thomas SR; Neuzil J; Mohr D; Stocker R, 1995, 'Coantioxidants make alpha-tocopherol an efficient antioxidant for low-density lipoprotein.', Am J Clin Nutr, vol. 62, pp. 1357S - 1364S, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/62.6.1357S

Stocker R; Thomas SR; Upston JM; Neuzil J, 1995, 'Tocopherol-mediated lipid peroxidation of isolated LDL and human plasma exposed to various radical oxidants', Atherosclerosis, vol. 115, pp. S40 - S40, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9150(95)96411-k

Thomas SR; Mohr D; Stocker R, 1994, 'Nitric oxide inhibits indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity in interferon- γ primed mononuclear phagocytes', Journal of Biological Chemistry, vol. 269, pp. 14457 - 14464

Christen S; Thomas SR; Garner B; Stocker R, 1994, 'Inhibition by interferon-γ of human mononuclear cell-mediated low density lipoprotein oxidation. Participation of tryptophan metabolism along the kynurenine pathway', Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 93, pp. 2149 - 2158, http://dx.doi.org/10.1172/JCI117211

Conference Papers

Hsu K; Hiroshima Y; Endoh Y; Thomas SR; Geczy CL, 2014, 'S100A8 is induced in macrophages by oxidants and modulates redox responses in inflammation', in CYTOKINE, ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA, pp. 47 - 48, presented at 2nd Annual Meeting of the International-Cytokine-and-Interferon-Society (ICIS), Melbourne, AUSTRALIA, 26 October 2014 - 29 October 2014, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2014.07.090

Pasalic L; Heather C; Thomas S; Chen VM, 2013, 'Cisplatin Fails To Stimulate Production Of Reactive Oxygen Species and Release Of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps By Human Neutrophils In Vitro', in BLOOD, AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY, New Orleans, LA, presented at 55th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology, New Orleans, LA, 07 December 2013 - 10 December 2013, http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.V122.21.4714.4714

Azardaryany MK; Yeung AWS; Asshurst T; Thomas SR; King NJC, 2013, 'Modulation of immunity against genital Herpes simplex virus', in CYTOKINE, ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, San Francisco, CA, pp. 245 - 245, presented at Annual Joint Conference of the International-Cytokine-Society and the International-Society-for-Interferon-and-Cytokine-Research, San Francisco, CA, 29 September 2013 - 03 October 2013, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2013.06.014

Thai T; Thomas SR, 2012, 'Myeloperoxidase and endothelial dysfunction', in Journal of Vascular Research, Karger, Basel, Switzerland, pp. 10 - 10, http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000230992

Munoz-Erazo L; Natoli R; Yeung AWS; Provis J; Madigan MC; Thomas SR; King NJC, 2010, 'Microarray Analysis of Human Retinal Pigmented Epithelium Following Infection With West Nile Virus', in Investigative Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Association of Research Vision Ophthalmology Inc, Rockville, MD, USA, pp. 411, presented at ARVO, Fort Lauderdale, http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000442387300395&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=891bb5ab6ba270e68a

Wang Y; Keaney JF; Stasch J; Wu BJ; Witting P; McKenzie GL; Ball HJ; Kapoor V; Thomas SR; Mellor A; Hunt NH; Liu H, 2009, 'KYNURENINE IS A NOVEL ENDOTHELIUM-DERIVED VASCULAR RELAXING FACTOR PRODUCED DURING INFLAMMATION', in Hypertension, 4th International Conference of cGMP Generators, Effectors and Therapeutic Implications, Regensburg, Germany, pp. 108 - 109, presented at 4th International Conference of cGMP Generators, Effectors and Therapeutic Implications, Regensburg, Germany, 19 June 2009 - 21 June 2009

Thai T; Dang L; Harwood D; Rees MD; Winterbourn C; Kettle AJ; Maghzal G; Keaney JF; Thomas SR, 2009, 'MYELOPEROXIDASE AND ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION', in PROCEEDINGS OF EUROSYS 2009, ACM, NEW YORK, pp. 10 - 10, presented at 14th Meeting of the Australian-and-New-Zealand-Microcirculation-Society, Queenstown, NEW ZEALAND, http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000268340300011&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=891bb5ab6ba270e68a

Wang Y; Liu H; Keaney JF; Stasch JP; Wu BJ; Witting PK; McKenzie G; Ball HJ; Kapoor V; Thomas SR; Mellor AL; Hunt NH; Stocker R, 2008, 'KYNURENINE IS A NOVEL ENDOTHELIUM-DERIVED VASCULAR RELAXING FACTOR PRODUCED DURING INFLAMMATION', in HYPERTENSION, LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA, pp. 1120 - 1120, presented at 30th Annual Scientific Meeting of the High-Blood-Pressure-Research-Council-of-Australia, Melbourne, AUSTRALIA, 03 December 2008 - 05 December 2008, http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000266239300144&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=891bb5ab6ba270e68a29b250adbe88d1

Lim SY; Raftery M; Cai H; Thomas S; Hsu K; Geczy CL, 2008, 'S-nitrosylated S100A8-novel anti-inflammatory properties', in CYTOKINE, ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD, Montreal, CANADA, pp. 263 - 263, presented at 7th Joint Conference of the International-Cytokine-Society/International-Society-for-Interferon-and-Cytoklin-Research, Montreal, CANADA, 12 October 2008 - 16 October 2008, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2008.07.157

Lim SY; Raftery MJ; Cai H; Thomas SR; Geczy C, 2008, 'S-nitrosylated S100A8 suppresses mast cell activation: Novel anti-inflammatory properties', in Journal of Leukocyte Biology, Federation American Society Exp Biol, Bethesda, MD, USA, pp. A18 - A18, presented at DAMPS and Alarmins Symposium, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 30 August 2008 - 02 September 2008, http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000258091600049&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=891bb5ab6ba270e68a

Thomas SR; Stocker R, 2000, 'Antioxidant activities and redox regulation of interferon-gamma-induced tryptophan metabolism in human monocytes and macrophages', in Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, pp. 541 - 552

Thomas SR; Neuzil J; Stocker R, 1997, 'Inhibition of LDL oxidation by ubiquinol-10. A protective mechanism for coenzyme Q in atherogenesis?', in Molecular Aspects of Medicine, pp. 85 - 103, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0098-2997(97)00031-9

THOMAS SR; NEUZIL J; MOHR D; STOCKER R, 1995, 'COANTIOXIDANTS MAKE ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL AN EFFICIENT ANTIOXIDANT FOR LOW-DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN', in AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION, AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN, pp. 1357 - 1364, http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/62.6.1357S

Thomas SR; Neuzil J; Mohr D; Stocker R, 1995, 'Coantioxidants make α-tocopherol an efficient antioxidant for low- density lipoprotein', in American Journal of Clinical Nutrition

Conference Presentations

Rodrigo C; Cochran B; Herbert C; Thomas S; Polly P, 2020, 'Remote delivery of a digitized course; success at time of crisis', UNSW Sydney, presented at Teaching and Learning Forum, UNSW, UNSW Sydney

Rodrigo C; Tedla N; Polly P; Herbert C; Thomas S; Velan G; Saunders D, 2018, 'Using narratives to teach Pathology', UNSW Sydney, presented at Teaching and Learning Forum, UNSW, UNSW Sydney

Conference Abstracts

Maiocchi S; Rees M; Thomas S, 2015, 'Regulation of Myeloperoxidase NO Oxidase Activity by Pharmacological Agents: Novel Biochemical Basis for NO Preservation by Phenolics and Nitroxides (Tempol)', in FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, Stuttgart, GERMANY, Vol. 86, pp. S29 - S29, presented at SFRR-E/SNFS Conference, Stuttgart, GERMANY, 02 September 2015 - 04 September 2015, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.07.104

Maiocchi S; Dang L; Morris J; Thomas S; Rees M, 2015, 'Inhibition of Myeloperoxidase-Mediated Endothelial Dysfunction by Nitroxides', in FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE, ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, Stuttgart, GERMANY, Vol. 86, pp. S28 - S29, presented at SFRR-E/SNFS Conference, Stuttgart, GERMANY, 02 September 2015 - 04 September 2015, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2015.07.103

Pasalic L; Abeynaike L; Glaros E; Thomas S; Hogg P; Chen V, 2015, 'NEUTROPHILS CONTRIBUTE TO THE GENERATION OF PROCOAGULANT PLATELETS BY A MYELOPEROXIDASE INDEPENDENT MECHANISM', in HAEMATOLOGICA, FERRATA STORTI FOUNDATION, Vienna, AUSTRIA, Vol. 100, pp. 144 - 144, presented at 20th Congress of European-Hematology-Association, Vienna, AUSTRIA, 11 June 2015 - 14 June 2015, http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000361204901315&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=891bb5ab6ba270e68a29b250adbe88d1

Pasalic L; Abeynaike L; Glaros E; Thomas S; Hogg P; Chen V, 2015, 'Neutrophils contribute to the generation of procoagulant platelets by a myeloperoxidase independent mechanism', in JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS, WILEY-BLACKWELL, Vol. 13, pp. 408 - 408, http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&KeyUT=WOS:000356426903016&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=ALL_WOS&UsrCustomerID=891bb5ab6ba270e68a29b250adbe88d1